The nominate race is a common and widespread breeder, Ph. c. abietinus is a sporadic migrant, Ph. c. tristis-like birds are also observed rarely. Prefers oak and beech forest, but breeds in gallery forests along rivers, Black locust and coniferous plantations and larger parks. The breeding population moderately increased (1.5 ± 0.6%, p<0.01) between 1999 and 2018. Spring migration starts in late February and peaks in early April, autumn migration peaks in early October. May overwinter in small numbers.